Apulia

The region is divided into six provinces:

• — (capital) the largest city on the Adriatic Sea with an enchanting old town, Romanesque churches and many elegant buildings
• — in the Alta Murgia National Park, famous for its Romanesque cathedral, prehistoric sites and its typical bread
• — elegant seafront on the Adriatic Sea, Roman age remains and two castles situated in front of the sea
• — main centre of the plain of Tavoliere delle Puglie (Table of the Apulias), ancient Swabian imperial town
• — called the "Florence of the South" for its magnificent baroque churches and buildings, it also has Roman theater and amphitheater
• — main centre of Itria Valley with an old town characterised by typical white houses
• — beautiful medieval port town on the Adriatic coast
• — magic locality known as the "white town" for the color of its historical centre's houses
• — ancient Greek city with a relevant National Archaeological Museum (MArTA) and many sights of different ages

• — (literally "beautiful tree"), magic village known in the world for its famous "trulli" (UNESCO World Heritage)
• — with the medieval fortress of Castel del Monte, built by Emperor Frederick II (UNESCO World Heritage)
• — (meaning "beautiful city"), a fascinating old town situated on an island and sandy beach resorts
• — characteristic village situated on the Gargano promontory, with the Longobard Sanctuary of San Michele (UNESCO World Heritage)
• — the easternmost town of Italy and one of its most beautiful villages
• — one of Italy's most beautiful villages, in the heart of Salento
• — stunning archipelago in the Adriatic Sea

Apulia is sometimes referred to as "the heel of Italy", in reference to the country's boot-like shape.

Italian is the only language you will find useful to know for easily discovering Apulia, especially since the knowledge of English is frequently a bit inadequate.
In the central-northern area of Apulia people speak also local varieties of the Neapolitan language. In Salento, the Salentino (Salentìnu) dialect of the Sicilian language is spoken. Neither of these are officially recognised languages, so visitors will not find any bilingual sign, though some restaurants and diners have names in these languages. Trying to understand the speech of local people, especially the elderly ones, may be fun and will give you the possibility to fully appreciate the identity of this region.
The Italian Constitution recognises three linguistic minorities in the region: Griko (a variant of Greek language) spoken by 10,000 people in nine towns south of Lecce; Arbëresh (Albanian) in three scattered towns; and Franco-Provençal, which is spoken by less than 1,000 people in two small mountain villages (Faeto and Celle San Vito) between Foggia and Irpinia. Each of these languages is the result of medieval settlements and they are now used by municipalities mainly for local events or tourist brochures.

By plane

Bari Palese international airport has flights to international destinations including the UK, Belgium and Germany and flights to Italian destinations including Milan and Rome.
From Brindisi Airport, there are flights to Switzerland and the UK as well as Italian destinations.
From the UK, Ryanair flies to Bari and Brindisi from Stansted in London and Manchester.
British Airways also flies to Bari with a summer schedule.

By train

Train from Rome can take about 6 hours and is usually very packed. Don't forget to validate your ticket!

By car

The region is served by two "autostrade" (toll motorways):

• ColdShine
  — Adriatic Motorway, links Bologna to Taranto passing through the major towns of northern and central Apulia
• ColdShine
  — Motorway of the Two Seas, links Naples to Canosa passing through the Apennines

For more info you can check the site of Autostrade per l'Italia.

By bus

Autolinee Marino is a bus company who offers efficient and affordable links from the mayor cities of Apulia to different destinations in Italy and Europe, such as Frankfurt, Grenoble, Lyon, Munich, Stuttgart, Zurich and others.
Marozzi is a daily bus service speedily linking Apulia with Irpinia, Campania and Rome.
Miccolis lines provide connections from many towns of the region to nearby Basilicata. This company also performs useful urban and intercity services.

By boat

There are many ferry companies providing service several times daily from Greece (Cephalonia, Corfu, Igoumenitsa, Patras, Zante) to Bari and Brindisi.

By rail

Ferrovie del sud est offers train and bus service in the region.

By car

Strade statali (trunk roads) can be used for reaching internal destinations or the surrounding regions:

• ColdShine
  — Via Appia, links Taranto to Brindisi
• Skyluke
  — Salentina, links Taranto to Lecce
• ColdShine
  — Adriatica, links the Gargano area to Otranto
• Nicovin
  — Strada delle Puglie ("The road of Apulia's"), links Foggia to Irpinia and Naples
• SS Bari-Lecce — a useful divided highway to reach the Salento area from the regional capital
• Xander89
  — Salentina di Gallipoli, links Lecce to Gallipoli
• Skyluke
  — Jonica, links Reggio di Calabria to Taranto along the Ionic coast
• DaniDF1995
  — dei Trulli, links Casamassima to Taranto through the Itria Valley and the towns of Alberobello and Locorotondo
• Gigillo83
  — Salentina Meridionale, links Gallipoli to the southernmost tip of Apulia

There are many things worth seeing in Puglia, especially the Trulli in Alberobello and other places, the cathedral of Trani, the old town in Bari, and the beaches of Monopoli.
Forests and mountains cover Gargano ("the spir of Italy") and Daunian Apennines, on the border with Irpinia. Other popular tourist sights are the Castellana Grotte, the Castel del Monte, the castle of Frederick II, Polignano a Mare, Ascoli Satriano, Conversano, Martina Franca, and Ostuni, the "white city".
Santa Maria al Bagno is a small fishing village, district of Nardò, on the coastline of the Gulf of Taranto, on the west coast of the Ionian Sea. It has beautiful unspoilt beaches all along the coast. Santa Maria al Bagno is approximately 45 min travelling time by car from Brindisi and 1h 30 min from Bari.

Take a bike tour along the coast. Apulia has an extensive network of small country lanes making it ideal for biking.

Festivals

Some annual events are really not to be missed, the most relevant ones are:

• Notte della Taranta

  phone: +39 0836 439008
  A large itinerant festival of popular Salento music (Pizzica and Taranta) that takes place in the first half of August, culminating in a final open-air concert in the municipality of Melpignano, province of Lecce. The night of the great concert (concertone) has each year a different national-famous music director and involves more than 100.000 spectators.

A large number of minor local festivals (sagre) take place in every area of the region, especially during the summer season, representing a truly immersive way to discover local food and music.

Traditional Apulian produce are orecchiette (a type of pasta), caciocavallo (a sheep cheese) and prosciutto di Faeto ("Faeto's ham").

There are a number of lovely places to eat in Casalini near Cisternino, which are reasonably priced compared to the tourist city of Ostuni.

The region is definitely a safe place to visit. Pickpocketing can be a minor risk in cities such Bari, Foggia and Taranto.

Ariano Irpino (named as Ariano in Apulia until 1930) is a characteristic town located astride Apennines along the statal road SS90 connecting Apulia to Naples, the ancient Kingdom's capital. Ariano Irpino was a relevant city in the Middle Age within the Duchy of Apulia: there King Roger II convened the Assizes of Ariano in 1140 and minted ducats. Today Ariano Irpino preserves the Norman Castle where King Roger II lived in; the castle, sorrounded by a wide public park, still overlooks the mountain pass between Apulia and Campania with very panoramic views. Within the castle is housed a Norman Museum with other museums and churches (particularly the Romanic Cathedral) being scattered in the town, where both local art and cuisine mingle Apulian and Campanian elements.