French phrasebook
Sourced from Wikivoyage. Text is available under the CC-by-SA 3.0 license.
In the Americas, French is spoken primarily in the Canadian provinces of Quebec, New Brunswick, the northern and eastern parts of Ontario and around the Winnipeg area of Manitoba. Although Canada is an officially bilingual nation and there are Francophone enclaves in almost every province, outside these four provinces, it's quite rare to encounter anyone in Canada who speaks more than a few words of French without hunting down those off-the-beaten-track French-speaking communities. French is also spoken in a few parts of the United States, namely parts of Louisiana and northern Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont. In the Caribbean, French is an official language of Haiti, a former colonial possession of France. The Americas also host the French departments of Martinique, Guadeloupe, French Guiana, and Mayotte, plus the overseas collectivities of Saint Barthélemy, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and the northern half of Saint Martin.
Elsewhere, French is an official language of many former French and Belgian colonies in Africa, like Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Republic of the Congo, and is unofficial but carries prestige in others, like Algeria and Morocco. It is an important administrative, educational, and cultural language in the former French Southeast Asian possessions of Vietnam, Laos and, to a lesser degree, Cambodia. In Oceania, New Caledonia, French Polynesia and Wallis and Futuna remain overseas territories of France today, and French is also one of the official languages of Vanuatu. In the Indian Ocean, Réunion is a French overseas department, while French is also an official language in Mauritius and the Seychelles.
The French Wikivoyage has a page that can help you locate French-speaking regions.
Grammar
Gender and its complications
French nouns are divided into two different genders: masculine and feminine. Unlike in English, all inanimate objects have a gender assigned to them: for example, pain (bread) is masculine, while confiture (jam) is feminine. The grammatical gender of nouns denoting persons generally follows the person's natural gender; for instance, mère (mother) is feminine, while père (father) is masculine. However, some nouns are always of the same gender regardless of the natural gender of the person they are referring to: personne is always feminine even if the person in question is a man.It is not always easy to tell at a glance which gender a noun is but, in general, if it ends in a consonant, or by the letter combinations -age, -au, -é, -ège, ème, or -isme / -iste, or is a foreign (particularly English) loanword, it's likely to be masculine. On the other hand, if a noun ends in -ace, -ance / -ence, -ée, -elle / -erre / -esse / -ette, -ie, -ice, -ine, -ise, -que, or -tion / sion, it's probably feminine. There are plenty of exceptions, however!
The singular definite article ("the" in English) of each noun depends on its gender: le (m), la (f) or l’ (before all singular nouns starting with a vowel and some starting with "h", regardless of gender). The plural definite article for both genders is les. Thus:
- le garçon - the boy → les garçons - the boys
- la fille - the girl → les filles - the girls
- l'homme - the man → les hommes - the men
The singular indefinite article ("a" and "an" in English) also corresponds to the noun's gender: un for masculine and une for feminine. Unlike English, French has a plural indefinite article - des, which works for both genders - and three partitive articles - du (m), de la (f), and de l’ (before vowels and some aitches) which precede uncountable nouns. Thus:
- un homme - a man → des hommes - men
- une femme - a woman → des femmes - women
- du vin - wine
- de la confiture - jam
- de l'eau - water
Similarly, the third person pronouns also depend on the grammatical gender of the subject: il (m - he or it) or elle (f - she or it), with ils and elles respectively being the masculine and feminine plurals (they). When there are groups of mixed-gender people or objects, ils is always used.
Verbs
In a manner similar to many other Romance languages, French verbs all end in either -er, -ir, or -re in their infinitive forms, for example écouter (to listen), finir (to finish), and vendre (to sell). Verbs in French conjugate differently according to tense, mood, aspect and voice. This means that there are many more possible conjugations for French verbs than English verbs, and learning how to conjugate each verb in different scenarios can be a challenge for English speakers. Fortunately for you, the vast majority of verbs follow a regular conjugation pattern. Here are three examples of regular verbs conjugated in the present tense, which can be used as a model for all other present-tense regular verbs:
To listen | -IR verb example: |
---|---|
To finish | -RE verb example: |
To sell | |
J'écoute | I listen |
Tu écoutes | You listen (informal) |
On écoute | One listens |
On finit | One finishes |
On vend | One sells |
Nous écoutons | We listen |
Vous écoutez | You listen (formal / plural) |
They listen | Ils finissent |
They finish | Ils vendent |
Some verbs are irregular, meaning that they use different roots when conjugated. The good news is that irregular verbs are very much in the minority. The bad news is that nearly all of the most useful everyday verbs are irregular; you will have to learn their conjugations individually if you wish to use them effectively: aller (to go), venir (to come), voir (to see), faire (to do), acheter (to buy), manger (to eat), boire (to drink), sortir (to go out), dormir (to sleep), pouvoir (to be able to), and vouloir (to want). The worst of these are probably être (to be) and avoir (to have), by far the most common verbs for everyday communication. Here are the present tense conjugations of each:
Formal and informal speech
In French, there are two equivalents of the English word "you". When addressing one person you know well such as a family member or a friend, plus any time you speak to one child or one animal, the word to use will be tu. In all other situations, including when addressing a group of people regardless of who they are, the word to use will be vous. This means that in practice, as a traveller and novice French speaker, most of the time you will be using vous. It is important to know the distinction, as while addressing a pet dog with the vous form might just raise a chuckle, using tu with somebody you've just met is inappropriate and may offend the person whom you are addressing. After initially using the vous form, a person may say to you "On peut se tutoyer"; this is a polite invitation for you to use the tu form with them.
The default title used when addressing a man is monsieur, while a woman would be addressed as madame. Mademoiselle was traditionally used to address young, unmarried women, but this is now controversial and arguably sexist, so unless the other person tells you otherwise, it is best to default to madame. The respective plurals are messieurs and mesdames, so the French equivalent of "ladies and gentlemen" is "mesdames et messieurs", though often in speech this is rendered as "messieurs-dames".
Pronunciation
Like that of English, but unlike almost all the other Romance languages, French spelling is not very phonetic. The same letter used in two different words can make two different sounds, and many letters are not pronounced at all. The good news, though, is that French generally has more regular pronunciation rules than English. This means that with sufficient practice, one can generally pronounce written French fairly accurately. However, the large number of homophones and silent letters make it such that attempting to write down spoken French often results in spelling mistakes, even for native speakers.
The final consonants of a word are usually dropped: allez (go) is pronounced al-AY, not al-AYZ; tard (late) is pronounced tar, not tard. But if the next word begins with a vowel, the consonant may be pronounced; this is called liaison. A final 'e' is also usually silent if the word has more than one syllable, except in parts of southern France and when singing.
Stress is fairly even in French, but the stress almost always falls on the last syllable.
For many French words, it is impossible to write something which, when pronounced as English, sounds like the French word. Use the transliteration as a guide to liaison and the French spelling to pronounce the vowels.
In Quebec French, it's not uncommon to hear the last syllable or sound of some words cut off or "swallowed." "Possible" can sound like "possib," and "hymne" can sound like "hym".
Vowels
Vowels in French can have accent marks, which generally have no noticeable impact on pronunciation, but they often distinguish between homophones in writing (ou, meaning or, and où, meaning where, are pronounced the same). The only really important one is é, which is always pronounced "ay", and changes the meaning of the word.
; a, à, â : like "a" in "father" (U.S. English) or "cat" (UK English); ; In Quebec French, sometimes more like "aw" as in the RP pronunciation of "not"
; e : in most cases a central neutral vowel ("schwa") like "a" in "about", sometimes not pronounced at all, sometimes like "é" or "è"
; é, ai, -er, -es, -ez, -et : é is similar to "ay" in "day" but shorter
; è, ê : more open, like the e in "set" ; Sometimes dipthongized in Quebec French
; i, î : like "ee" in "see" but shorter and tenser
; o, ô, au, eau : generally like "oa" in "boat" but never with a "w" sound at the end
; u, ù : like a very tight, frontal "oo" sound (purse your lips as if to say "oo" as in "soon" but try to make your tongue say "ee") - , uu in transcriptions, similar to the German ü; Sometimes pronounced more like "eu" in Quebec French
; ou : like "oo" in "food", but rounder
; y : like "ee" in "see" ; also sometimes used as a consonant, pronounced the same as in English (in 'yes' for example)
; eu : between "ew" in "dew" and "u" in "burp"; written eu in transcriptions
Semi-vowels
; oi : like "wa" in "want". Sometimes more like "weh" as in "wet" or "aw" as in "thought" in Quebec French; oui : like "wee" in "week"
; ui : like "wee" in "week", but with a French u instead of the w
; œ : a bit like "eu" but more "open". The distinction between œ and "eu" is very subtle and often irrelevant.
Consonants
Most final consonants are silent except for c, q, f, l, and r (except in the combination "-er", normally found in verb infinitives). Sometimes, final consonants that are normally silent would be pronounced if followed by a word which starts with a vowel, a phenomenon known as liaison (eg. mes amis would be pronounced MEH-ZAH-MI). The plural ending "-ent" for verbs is never pronounced, though it is pronounced in other words. Sometimes, whether or not the final consonant denotes the grammatical function; for example, the final "s" in tous (all) is silent when used as an adjective, but pronounced when used as a pronoun.; b :
; c : ,
; ç : like the second pronunciation of c (this letter can only be written before "a" ,"o", or "u")
; d : . In Quebec, like "dz" or "ds" when before "i" or "y"
; dj :
; f :
; g : ,
; gu : like the first pronunciation of g (before "e", "i", "y"); if the u is to be pronounced, it will be written with a diaresis (e.g. aigüe)
; gn : . This is particularly difficult when followed by oi, as in baignoire (beh-NYWAR) "bathtub".
; h : silent, but may sometimes prevent a liaison with the former word
; j : like the second pronunciation of g
; k :
; l, ll : ; some exceptions for "ll" in the combination "ille" (pronounced ee-yuh, )
; m :
; n: pronounced with the tongue touching the teeth , except when followed by a vowel, when it is pronounced like nose . See Nasals below}}
; p :
; ph : like f
; q(u) : most of the time k (not like quick); in some words like quick (generally before an "a") or the same but with a French u (generally before an "i")
; r :
; s : usually like the second pronunciation of c; like z when between two vowels (unless doubled), or in a liaison
; ch : ; sometimes like k (in words of Greek origin mostly)
; t, th : ; in Quebec, when before "i" or "y"; like the second pronunciation of c in tion ; tch :
; v :
; w : only in foreign words, mostly and sometimes like v (in particular, "wagon" is "vagon" and "WC" is "VC"!)
; x : either ks, gz or s
; z :
Nasals
; an, en, em : nasal a (not always pronounced as a nasal, especially if the n or m is doubled: emmental is pronounced as a normal "emm" sound); on : nasal o - distinguishing between this and "an" is tricky, it's a deeper, more closed sound
; in, ain : nasal è
; un : nasal eu (sometimes pronounced the same as 'in')
; oin : nasal "wè" (thus, coin is a nasalised "cwè")
Diphthongs
; ail : like "i" in "fight"
; ill : either literally, or like "y" in "three years", with some exceptions (ville is veel, fille is fiy)
Note: Quebec French sometimes has vestigial diphthongs where metropolitan French no longer has them. For example, while a Parisian would pronounce the word maître as MET-ruh, a Québécois might pronounce it more like MIGHT-ruh.
Exceptions
- When there is an accent mark on "e", it prevents diphthongs. Letters should be pronounced separately, following the rule for the accented letter. Example: énergumène, (rowdy character), réunion (meeting).
- A diaeresis (¨) may also be used to prevent diphthongs on "e", "u" and "i". Example: maïs (Indian corn or maize).
- In the combinations "gue" and "gui", the "u" should not be pronounced: it is there only to force the prononciation of "g" as in "go". If the "u" is pronounced, a diaeresis is added on the 2nd vowel in older texts (eg. aiguë (sharp)), or on the u in official texts after 1990 (eg. aigüe).
- In the combination "geo", the "e" should not be pronounced, it is only there to force the prononciation of "g" as in "sabotage" (if the "e" should be pronounced, that is indicated with an accent mark as in géologie).
International varieties of French
The varieties of French which are spoken in Belgium and Switzerland differ slightly from the French spoken in France, though they are similar enough to be mutually intelligible. In particular, the numbering system in French-speaking Belgium and Switzerland has some slight peculiarities that are significantly different from the French spoken in France, and the pronunciation of some words is slightly different. Nevertheless, all French-speaking Belgians and Swiss would have learned standard French in school, so they would be able to understand you even if you used the standard French numbering system.
Aside from Europe and Canada (see below), many French-speaking regions have incorporated the words of local languages, and on occasion have formed distinctive dialects or languages known as creoles. Even within Canada, there is dialectal variation in the French language; the French spoken in Quebec differs from that in New Brunswick. French-based creoles today enjoy wide use and often official status in the Seychelles, Mauritius, New Caledonia, Haiti (see Haitian creole), Réunion, and the French overseas territories in the Antilles. A distinct dialect of French known as Louisiana French or Cajun, and a distinct French-based creole known as Louisiana Creole are both still spoken by some residents in the southern U.S. state, while parts of New England near the Canadian border are home to speakers of a dialect known as New England French, which bears many similarities to Québécois.
Québécois
There are many phonological and lexical differences between the French spoken in Quebec and that spoken in France. Quebec has retained many 18th- & 19th-century French words, while in France the language has moved on, as well as incorporating many English words in the modern era. On the other side, Québécois borrowed English terms from their Anglophone neighbours as early as the 19th century, but the onset of the "Quiet Revolution" and the Quebec sovereignty movement in the 1960s led to laws that strictly limited the usage and influence of English in the public sphere, with the result that, etymologically speaking, Quebec French is in many ways more purely "French" than that spoken in France. For instance, the fast-food restaurant chain founded by Colonel Sanders is known in both the United States and France as "Kentucky Fried Chicken" or KFC for short, but in Quebec it's Poulet Frit Kentucky or PFK.Nevertheless, all Francophone Canadians, including Québécois, learn standard French in school, and most of the differences between the two varieties are limited to informal speech. This means that while you may not understand conversation among locals, they will be able to converse with you in standard French if required.
Phrase list
Basics
Common signs
; OPEN : Ouvert (oo-VAIR); CLOSED : Fermé (FEHR-may)
; OPENING HOURS : Horaires d'ouverture (Oh-RAIR doo-VAIR-tuur)
; ENTRANCE : Entrée (AHN-tray)
; EXIT : Sortie (sor-TEE)
; PUSH : Poussez (POO-say)
; PULL : Tirez (TEE-ray)
; TOILET : Toilettes (twah-LET)
; MEN : Hommes (om)
; WOMEN : Femmes (fam)
; DISABLED : Handicapés (on-dee-KAP-ay)
; EMERGENCY EXIT : Sortie de secours (sor-TEE duh suh-COOR)
; FORBIDDEN : Interdit, Défendu (ehn-tair-DEE, day-fahn-DUU)
; NO PARKING : Stationnement interdit, Défense de stationner (STAH-syonn-mon an-tair-DEE, day-FAHNS duh STAH-syonn-ay)
; YIELD / GIVE WAY : Cédez le passage (SAY-day luh pah-SAHZH)
; STOP : Stop (stop) / Arrêt (Ah-RAY)
; Hello. (formal): Bonjour. (bawn-ZHOOR) (in the day) / Bonsoir. (bawn-SWAHR) (at night)
; Hello. (informal) : Salut. (sah-LUU)
; How are you? (formal) : Comment allez-vous ? (koh-moh t-AH-lay VOO)
; How are you? (informal) : Comment vas-tu ? (koh-mahng va TUU); Comment ça va ? (koh-moh sah VAH)
; Fine, thank you. : Bien, merci. (byang, merr-SEE)
; What is your name? : Comment vous appelez-vous ? (koh-moh vooz AHP-lay VOO?); lit. "How do you call yourself?"
; What is your name? (informal) : Comment t'appelles-tu ? (koh-moh tah-pell TOO?)
; My name is ______ . : Je m'appelle ______ . (zhuh mah-PELL _____)
; Nice to meet you. : Enchanté(e). (ahn-shan-TAY)
; Please. (formal) : S'il vous plaît. (seel voo PLEH); Je vous prie. (zhuh vous PREE)
; Please. (informal) : S'il te plaît. (seel tuh PLEH)
; Thank you. : Merci. (merr-SEE)
; You're welcome. : De rien. (duh RYEHNG)
; Yes. : Oui. (WEE)
; No. : Non. (NOH)
; Excuse me. : Pardon. (pahr-DOHN); Excusez-moi. (ehk-SKEW-zay MWAH)
; (I am) Sorry. : (Je suis) Désolé(e). (zhuh swee DAY-zoh-LAY); Je m'excuse. (zhuh mehk-SKEWZ)
; What's the time? : Quelle heure est-il ? (kel euhr et-EEL?);
; Goodbye : Au revoir. (oh ruh-VWAHR)
; Goodbye (informal) : Salut. (sah-LUU)
; I can't speak French . : Je ne parle pas français. (zhuh nuh PAHRL pah frahn-SEH )
; Do you speak English? :Parlez-vous anglais ? (par-lay VOO ahng-LEH?)
; Is there someone here who speaks English? : Est-ce qu'il y a quelqu'un ici qui parle anglais ? (ess keel-ee-AH kel-KUHN ee-see kee PAHRL ahng-LEH)/ Y a-t-il quelqu'un ici qui parle anglais ? (ee yah-TEEL kel-KUHN ee-see kee PAHRL ahng-LEH)
; Help! : Au secours ! (oh suh-KOOR)
; Look out! : Attention ! (ah-tahn-SYONG)
; Good day / good morning : Bonjour (bong̠-ZHOO(R))
; Have a nice day: Bonne journée (bon zhoor-NAY)
; Good evening. : Bonsoir. (bong-SWAHR)
; Good night. (at the end of an evening) : Bonne soirée (bon swahr-RAY)
; Good night. (when going to bed) : Bonne nuit. (bon NWEE)
; Sweet dreams : Faites de beaux rêves (FEHT duh bo REV)
; I don't understand. : Je ne comprends pas. (zhuh nuh KOHM-prahn pah)
; I don't know. : Je ne sais pas. (zhuh nuh say pah)
; I can't. : Je ne peux (pas). (zhuh nuh puh pah)
; Where is the toilet? : Où sont les toilettes ? (OOH sohn leh twah-LET?)
; How do you say _____ in French / in English? : Comment dit-on _____ en français / en anglais ? (koh-moh dee-TONG _____ ahn frahn-SEH / ahn ahng-LEH ?)
; What is this/that called? :Comment appelle-t-on ça ? (koh-moh ah-pell-TONG SAH?)
; How is that spelt? : Comment ça s'écrit ? (koh-moh sah SAY-cree?)
; Good :Bon (m.) (bo(n)) / Bonne (f.) (bon)
; Bad : Mauvais (MO-vay) / Mauvaise (f.) (MO-vez)
; Big : Grand (m.) (gro(n)) / Grande (f.) (grond)
; Small : Petit (m.) (puh-TEE) / Petite (f.) (puh-TEET)
; Hot : Chaud (m.) (sho) / Chaude (f.) (shode)
; Fast : Rapide / Vite (both genders) (rah-PEED / veet)
; Slow : Lent (m.) (lo(n)) / Lente (f.) (lont)
; Expensive : Cher (m.) (shair) / Chère (f.) (shairr)
; Cheap : Bon marché (both genders) (bo(n) mar-SHAY)
; Rich : Riche (both genders) (reesh)
; Poor : Pauvre (both genders) (pov-ruh)
Problems
; Leave me alone. :Laissez-moi tranquille ! (lay-say mwah trahn-KEEL!)
; Buzz off. : Dégage ! (day-GAHZH!) / Va t'en ! (va TAHN)
; Don't touch me! : Ne me touchez pas ! (nuh muh TOOSH-ay PAH!)
; I'm calling the police. : Je vais appeler la police. (zhuh VAYZ a-pell-AY la poh-LEES)
; Police! : Police ! (poh-LEES)
; Stop! Thief! : Arrêtez ! Au voleur ! (ah-reh-TAY! oh vo-LEUR!)
; Stop! Rapist! : Arrêtez ! Au viol ! (ah-reh-TAY! oh vee-YOL!)
; Help! : Au secours ! (oh suh-KOOR!)
; Fire! : Au feu ! (oh FEUH!)
; Help me, please!. : Aidez-moi, s'il vous plaît ! (aih-day MWAH, SEEL voo PLEH!)
; It's an emergency. : C'est urgent ! (seh toor-ZHAHN)
; I'm lost. : Je me suis perdu(e). (ZHUH muh swee pehr-DUU)
; I've lost my bag. : J'ai perdu mon sac. (zhay pehr-DUU mon SAK)
; I've lost my wallet. :J'ai perdu mon portefeuille. (zhay pehr-DUU mon POHR-tuh-fuhye)
; My things have been stolen. : On m'a volé mes affaires. (o(n) ma vo-LAY may-zaf-FAIR)
; Someone / This man / This woman is harassing me : Quelqu'un / Cet homme / Cette femme me harcèle (kel-ku(n) / set om / set fam muh ar-SELL)
; I'm sick. : Je suis malade. (zhuh swee mah-LAHD)
; I've been injured. : Je me suis blessé. (zhuh muh swee bleh-SAY)
; I've been bitten by a dog. : Je me suis fait mordre par un chien. (zhuh muh swee fay MOR-druh par u(n) shee-AH(N))
; I need a doctor. : J'ai besoin d'un médecin. (zhay buh-ZWAHN duun may-TSAN)
; Can I use your phone? : Puis-je utiliser votre téléphone ? (PWEEZH oo-tee-lee-ZAY vot-ruh tay-lay-FUN)
; Call an ambulance. :Appelez une ambulance. (ah-puh-lay uun OM-boo-lo(n)ss)
; Call the fire brigade. :Appelez les pompiers. (ah-puh-lay lay pom-PEE-ay)
; Call the police. :Appelez la police. (ah-puh-lay la poh-LEES)
; Call the coastguard. :Appelez les gardes-côtes. (ah-puh-lay lay garde cot)
; What is it? : Qu'est-ce que c'est ? (KES-kuh-SAY)
Numbers
; 0 : zéro (zairro)
; 1 : un/une (uhn)/(uun)
; 2 : deux (deu)
; 3 : trois (trwah)
; 4 : quatre (kahtr)
; 5 :cinq (sank)
; 6 : six (sees)
; 7 : sept (set)
; 8 : huit (weet)
; 9 : neuf (neuf)
; 10 : dix (deece)
; 11 : onze (onz)
; 12 : douze (dooz)
; 13 : treize (trayz)
; 14 : quatorze (kat-ORZ)
; 15 : quinze (kihnz)
; 16 : seize (says)
; 17 : dix-sept (dee-SET)
; 18 : dix-huit (dee-ZWEET)
; 19 : dix-neuf (deez-NUF)
; 20 : vingt (vihnt)
; 21 : vingt-et-un (vihng-tay-UHN)
; 22 : vingt-deux (vihn-teu-DEU)
; 23 : vingt-trois (vin-teu-TRWAH)
; 30 : trente (trahnt)
; 40 : quarante (kar-AHNT)
; 50 : cinquante (sank-AHNT)
; 60 : soixante (swah-SAHNT)
; 70 : soixante-dix (swah-sahnt-DEES) or septante (sep-TAHNGT) in Belgium and Switzerland
; 80 : quatre-vingts (kaht-ruh-VIHN); huitante (weet-AHNT) in Belgium and Switzerland (except Geneva); octante (oct-AHNT) in Switzerland
; 90 : quatre-vingt-dix (katr-vihn-DEES); nonante (noh-NAHNT) in Belgium and Switzerland
; 100 : cent (sahn)
; 200 : deux cents (deu sahng)
; 300 : trois cents (trrwa sahng)
; 2000 : deux mille (deu meel)
; 1,000,000 : un million (ung mee-LYOHN) (treated as a noun when alone: one million euros would be un million d'euros).
; 1,000,000,000 : un milliard
; 1,000,000,000,000 : un billion
; number _____ (train, bus, etc.) : numéro _____ (nuu-may-ROH)
; half : demi (duh-MEE), moitié (mwah-tee-AY)
; less : moins (mwihn)
; more : plus (pluus) / no more : plus (pluu) so this time, the "S" is mute
Time
; earlier : plus tôt (pluu to)
; later : plus tard (pluu TAHR)
; before : avant (ah-VAHN)
; after : après (ah-PREH)
; morning : le matin (luh mah-TAN)
; in the morning : dans la matinée (dahn lah mah-tee-NAY)
; afternoon : l'après-midi (lah-preh-mee-DEE)
; in the afternoon : dans l'après-midi (dahn lah-preh-mee-DEE)
; evening : le soir (luh SWAHR)
; in the evening: dans la soirée (dahn lah swah-RAY)
; night : la nuit (lah NWEE)
; in the night : pendant la nuit (pehndahn lah NWEE)
Clock time
French speakers most commonly use the 24-hour clock, even in Quebec (whereas most other Canadians use the 12-hour clock). In Europe, an 'h' is used as a separator between hours and minutes, as opposed to the colon that is used in Quebec and English-speaking countries. Therefore, midnight is written as 0h00, 1AM as 1h00, and 1PM as 13h00; more details and examples below. However, the 12-hour clock is making some inroads in speech, and saying 1-11 in the afternoon or evening will be understood.; hour : heure (eur)
; minute : minute (mee-NUUT)
; From 1 minute past to 30 minutes past the hour: +
Example: 10 ; "dix sept heures moins le quart" (dee-set eur mwan luh kahr)
; half-past : et demie (eh duh-MEE); et demi (after 12 midnight or 12 noon, eh duh-MEE) Example : 10 00 : ; minuit (mee-NWEE)
Duration
; _____ hour(s) :_____ heure(s) (eur)
; _____ day(s) : _____ jour(s) (zhoor)
; _____ week(s) : _____ semaine(s) (suh-MEN)
; _____ month(s) : _____ mois (mwa)
; _____ year(s) : _____ an(s) (ahng), année(s) (ah-NAY)
; hourly : horaire (oh-RAIR)
; daily : quotidien / quotidienne (ko-tee-DYAN / ko-tee-DYEN)
; weekly : hebdomadaire (eb-doh-ma-DAIYR)
; monthly : mensuel / mensuelle (mang-suu-WEL)
; yearly : annuel / annuelle (ah-nuu-WEL)
; How long is your vacation? : Combien de temps restez-vous en vacances ? (com-bee-AN duh ton res-TAY voo on VAH-kons);
; I am in France for ten days : Je reste en France pendant dix jours. (zhuh rest on frons pon-don dee zhoor)
; How long is the journey? : Combien de temps le voyage dure-t-il ? (com-bee-AN duh ton luh vwoi-YAHZH dyoor-TEEL)
; It takes an hour and a half : Cela dure une heure et demie. (suh-LAH dyoor uun er ay duh-MEE)
Days
; today : aujourd'hui (oh-zhoor-DWEE)
; yesterday : hier (yare)
; tomorrow : demain (duh-MAN)
; this week : cette semaine (set suh-MEN)
; last week : la semaine dernière (lah suh-MEN dehr-NYAIR)
; next week : la semaine prochaine (lah suh-MEN pro-SHEN)
; the weekend : le week-end (France) / la fin de semaine (Canada) (luh week-end / lah fah(n) duh suh-MEN)
French calendars normally start on Monday. Unlike in English, the names of days are not capitalised in French:
; Monday : lundi (luhn-DEE)
; Tuesday : mardi (mahr-DEE)
; Wednesday : mercredi (mehr-kruh-DEE)
; Thursday : jeudi (juh-DEE)
; Friday : vendredi (vahn-druh-DEE)
; Saturday : samedi (sahm-DEE)
; Sunday : dimanche (dee-MAHNSH)
Months
; January : janvier (ZHO(N)-vee-yeh)
; February : février (FEH-vree-yeh)
; March :mars (mars)
; April :avril (av-REEL)
; May :mai (meh)
; June :juin (zh-WAH(N))
; July : juillet (zh-WEE-eh)
; August : août (oot)
; September : septembre (sep-TOMBR)
; October : octobre (oc-TOBR)
; November : novembre (no-VOMBR)
; December : décembre (deh-SOMBR)
Seasons
; spring : le printemps (luh PRAH(N)-toh(m)); summer : l'été (LAY-tay)
; autumn : l'automne (loh-TOMNUH)
; winter : l'hiver (LEE-vair)
Holidays
; Happy holidays! (festival) : Bonnes fêtes !
; New Year's Day : le jour de l'an (luh zhoor duh lah(n))
; Shrove Tuesday : le mardi gras (luh MAR-dee grah)
; Easter : les Pâques (lay pak)
; Passover : la Pâque juive / le Pessa'h (lah pak zh-WEEV / luh pess-AKH) ; Ramadan : le Ramadan (luh RAH-mah-doh(n)) (the other Muslim festivals are also called by their Arabic names)
; Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day (24 June, Quebec) : la Fête de la Saint-Jean-Baptiste (lah fet duh lah sa(n)-JOH(N)-bap-TEEST)
; Bastille Day (14 July, France) : le Quatorze Juillet / la Fête Nationale (luh kat-ORZ zh-WEE-eh / lah fet nah-syon-NAL)
; summer holidays : les vacances d'été (lay vah-KOH(N)S DAY-tay)
; school holidays : les vacances scolaires (lay vah-KOH(N)S skoh-LAIR)
; beginning of the school year : la rentrée (lah roh(n)-TRAY)
; All Saints' Day : la Toussaint (lah TOO-sahn)
; Hanukkah : Hanoucca (ah-NOO-kah)
; Christmas : Noël (noh-EL)
; Merry Christmas! : Joyeux Noël ! (ZHWY-euh noh-EL!)
Colour
Like in other Romance languages, nouns in French are either "masculine" or "feminine"; adjectives vary accordingly.For instance, a lady may be « blonde » or « brunette » while a gentleman with hair of the corresponding hue is « blond » or « brunet ».
; black : noir/noire (nwahr)
; white : blanc/blanche (blahng/blahnsh)
; grey : gris/grise (gree/greez)
; red : rouge (roozh)
; blue : bleu/bleue (bluh)
; yellow : jaune (zhawn)
; green : vert/verte (verre/vehrt)
; orange : orange (oh-RAHNZH)
; purple : violet/violette (vee-oh-LEH/vee-oh-LET)
; brown : brun/brune (bruh/bruhn); marron (MAH-rohn)
; pink : rose (roz)
Transportation
Bus and Train
; How much is a ticket to _____? : Combien coûte le billet pour _____ ? (kom-BYAN koot luh bee-YEH poor); One ticket to _____, please. : Un billet pour _____, s'il vous plaît. (ung bee-YEH poor ____ seel voo pleh)
; Where does this train/bus go? : Où va ce train/bus ? (OO va suh trahn/boos?)
; Where is the train/bus to _____? : Où est le train/bus pour _____ ? (OO eh luh trahn/buus poor ____)
; Does this train/bus stop in _____? : Ce train/bus s'arrête-t-il à _____ ? (suh trahn/buus sah-reh-tuh-TEEL ah _____)
; When does the train/bus for _____ leave? : Quand part le train/bus pour _____? (kahn par luh trahn/buus poor _____)
; When will this train/bus arrive in _____? : Quand ce train/bus arrivera à _____ ? (kahn suh trahn/buus ah-ree-vuh-RAH ah _____)
; the/this shuttle : la/cette navette (lah/set nah-VET)
; a one-way ticket: un aller simple (uhn ah-LAY SAM-pluh)
; a round trip ticket: un aller-retour (uhn ah-LAY ruh-TOOR)
Directions
; Where is / are _____? : Où se trouve / trouvent _____ ? / (oo suh tr-OO-v _____); ...the train station? : ...la gare ? (lah gahr)
; ...the bus station? : ...la gare routière ? (lah gahr roo-TYEHR)
; ...the nearest metro station? : ...la station de métro la plus proche ? (lah stah-syon duh MAY-tro lah ploo prosh)
; ...the airport? : ...l'aéroport ? (lehr-oh-POR?)
; ...the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy? : ...l'ambassade américaine/australienne/britannique/canadienne ? (lahm-bah-SAHD a-may-ree-KEN / os-trah-lee-EN / bree-tah-NEEK / ka-na-DYEN)
; ...the (nearest) hotel? :...l'hôtel (le plus proche) ? (loh-tel luh ploo prohsh)
; ...the town / city hall? : ...l'hôtel de ville / la mairie ? (loh-tel duh veel / lah mair-REE)
; ...the police station? : ...le commissariat de police ? (luh com-mee-SAHR-ee-ah duh po-LEES)
; ...the tourist information centre? : ...le syndicat d'initiative ? / l'office de tourisme ? / le bureau touristique ? (Quebec) (luh SAN-dee-kah dee-NEE-sya-teev / loff-EES duh toor-REEZ-muh / luh BOOR-oh toor-REES-teek) ; ...the nearest bank / ATM? : ...la banque la plus proche ? (lah bonk lah ploo prosh) / le distributeur de billets le plus proche ?(luh dees-tree-buu-TEUR duh bee-YAY luh ploo prosh) / le guichet automatique le plus proche? (luh GEE-shay oh-toh-mah-TEEK luh ploo prosh)
; ...the nearest petrol/gas station ? : ...la station-service la plus proche ? (lah sth-syon-SAIR-vees lah pluu prosh)
; ...the market? :...les halles ? (city or large town) / le marché ? (small town or village) (layz AL-uh / luh MAR-shay)
; ...the beach? : ...la plage ? (lah plaazh)
; ...the best bars? :...les meilleurs bars ? (leh meh-YUHR bahr)
; ...the best restaurants? : ...les meilleurs restaurants ? (leh meh-YUHR res-toh-RO(N))
; Please could you show me it on the map? : S'il vous plaît, pourriez-vous me l'indiquer sur la carte ? (SEE-voo-PLEH POO-ree-yeh-voo muh la(n)-DEE-keh syoor la cart ; Is it far? : C'est loin ? (seh lwa(n))
; No, it's quite close. :Non, c'est tout proche. (No(n) seh too prohsh)
; Straight on : Tout droit (too drwah)
; Turn right : Tournez à droite (TOOR-neh a drwaht)
; Turn left : Tournez à gauche (TOOR-neh a gohsh)
; Towards the... : Vers le / la / les... (vehr luh)
; Past the... : Après que vous passiez le / la / les... (ap-REH kuh voo PASS-see-yeh luh / la / leh)
; Before the... : Avant que vous arriviez au / à la / aux (av-O(N) kuh vooz-a-REEV-ee-yeh o / a la / o)
; Next to the... : À côté du / de la / des (a COH-teh duu / duh la / deh)
; Opposite the... : En face du / de la / des (o(n) fass duu / duh la / deh)
; Follow : Suivre : (sweevr)
; The north : le nord (luh nor)
; The east : l'est (lest)
; The south : le sud (luh suud)
; The west : l'ouest (loo-WEST)
; The (next) exit : la (prochaine) sortie (lah pro-SHEN SOR-tee)
; Here : Ici (ee-SEE)
; There : Là(-bas/-haut) (lah (BAH / OH)
; Road : Route (root)
; Street : Rue (ruu)
; Intersection : Carrefour (car-FOOR)
; Traffic lights : Feux (fuh)
; Roundabout : Rond-point (ro(n)-pwa(n))
; Motorway : Autoroute (oh-to-ROOT)
; Railway : Chemin de fer (shuh-MA(N) duh fehr)
; Level crossing : Passage à niveau (pah-SAAZH-ah-NEE-vo)
; Bridge : Pont (po(n))
; Tunnel : Tunnel (tuu-nell)
; Toll booth : Péage (pay-ahzh)
; Queue : Bouchon (boo-sho(n))
; Roadworks : Travaux (trah-vo)
; Road closed : Route barrée (root BAH-ray)
; Diversion : Déviation (day-vee-ah-SYO(N))
Taxi
; Take me to _____, please. : Déposez-moi à _____, je vous prie. (DAY-poh-zay-MWAH ah _____, zhuh voo PREE)
; How much does it cost to get to _____? : Combien cela coûte-t-il d'aller à _____ ? (kahm-BYENG suh-LA koo-TEEL dah-LAY ah _____?)
; Take me there, please. : Amenez-moi là, je vous prie. (ah-MEHN-ay-mwah LAH, zhuh voo PREE)
Lodging
; Bed and breakfast : Chambres d'hôte (SHAHM-bruh dote); Campsite : Camping (CAHM-ping)
; Hotel : Hôtel (OH-tel)
; Self-catering cottage / holiday rental : Gîte / Location de vacances (zheet / lo-cah-syo(n) duh vah-CAHNS)
; (Youth) hostel : Auberge (de jeunesse) (oh-BAIRZH duh zheuh-NESS)
; Do you have any rooms available? : Avez-vous des chambres libres ? (ah-veh VOO day SHAHM-bruh leeb)
; How much is a room for one person/two people? : Combien coûte une chambre pour une personne/deux personnes ? (com-BYA(N) coot uun SHAHM-bruh poor uun PAIR-son / duh PAIR-son)
; Does the room come with... : Dans la chambre, y a-t-il... (dah(n) la SHAHM-bruh, ee-ya-tee)
; ...bedsheets? : ...des draps de lit ? (...day dra duh lee?)
; ...a bathroom? : ...une salle de bain ? (...uun sal duh bah(n)?)
; ...a telephone? : ...un téléphone ? (...u(n) teh-leh-fone?)
; ...a TV? : ...une télévision ? (...uun teh-leh-VEEZ-yo(n)?)
; ...a refrigerator? : ...un réfrigérateur / un frigo ? (...u(n) ray-FREEZH-ay-rah-teur / u(n) FREE-go?)
; ...a kettle? : ...une bouilloire ? (...uun boo-WEE-wah?)
; Do you have anything quieter? : Avez-vous une chambre plus tranquille ? (ah-veh VOO uun SHAHM-bruh ploo trahn-KEE?)
; ...bigger? : ...plus grande ? (ploo grahnd?)
; ...cleaner? : ...plus propre? (ploo prop?)
; ...cheaper? : ...moins chère? (mwahn shair?)
; OK, I'll take it. : Bon, je la prends. (bo(n), zhuh lah proh(n))
; I will stay for _____ night(s). : Je compte rester pour _____ nuits. (zhuh compt REH-stay poor _____ nwee)
; Can you suggest another hotel? : Pourriez-vous me suggérer un autre hôtel ? (poo-REE-ay voo muh soo-ZHAY-ray u(n) OH-truh OH-tel ?)
; Do you have a safe? : Avez-vous un coffre-fort ? (ah-veh VOO u(n) COFF-ruh-FOR?)
; ...lockers? : ...un vestiaire ? (u(n) ves-tee-AIR?)
; Is breakfast/supper included? : Le petit-déjeuner/le dîner est-il compris ? (luh puh-TEE DAY-zhuh-nay / luh DEE-nay eh-TEE com-PREE?)
; What time is breakfast/supper? : À quelle heure est servi le petit-déjeuner/le dîner ? (ah kell euhrr eh SAIR-vee luh puh-TEE DAY-zhuh-nay / luh DEE-nay?)
; Please clean my room. : Veuillez faire le ménage. (vuh-YEH fair luh MEH-naazh)
; Can you wake me at _____? : Pourriez-vous me réveiller à _____? (poo-REE-ay voo muh REH-veh-yeh ah _____? )
; You have a bedbug infestation here. : Il y a une infestation de punaises ici. (eel-yah uun ah(n)-fes-tass-YOH(N) duh poo-NEZ ee-see)
; I want to check out. : Je voudrais régler la note. (zhuh VOO-dray REH-glay lah note)
Money
; Do you accept American/Australian/Canadian dollars? : Acceptez-vous les dollars américains/australiens/canadiens ? (ahk-sep-tay VOO leh doh-LAHR ah-may-ree-KANG/aws-trah-LYAHNG/kah-nah-DYAHNG?); Do you accept British pounds? : Acceptez-vous les livres Sterling ? (ahk-sep-tay VOO leh leevr stehr-LING?)
; Do you accept euros? : Acceptez-vous les euros ? (ahk-sep-tay VOO lehz-OO-roh)
; Do you accept credit cards? : Acceptez-vous les cartes de crédit ? (ahk-sep-tay VOO leh kahrt duh kray-DEE?)
; Can you change it (the money) for me? : Pouvez-vous me le faire changer ? (poo-vay-VOO muh luh fehr SHAHNZHAY?)
; Where can I get it (the money) changed? : Où puis-je le faire changer ? (oo PWEEZH luh fehr SHAHNZHAY?)
; Can you change a traveler's check for me? : Pouvez-vous me faire le change sur un chèque de voyage ? (poo-vay-VOO muh fehr luh SHAHNZH suur ung shek duh vwoy-AHZH?)
; Where can I get a traveler's check changed? : Où puis-je changer un chèque de voyage ? (oo PWEEZH shahng-ZHAY ung shek duh vwoy-AHZH?)
; What is the exchange rate? : Quel est le taux de change ? (KELL eh luh TAW duh SHAHNZH?)
; Where can I find a cash point / ATM? : Où puis-je trouver un distributeur de billets ? (oo PWEEZH troo-VAY ung dees-tree-buu-TEUR duh bee-YAY?)
===Eating===
; à la carte : à la carte (ah lah KAHRT)
; serves food all day : service continu (SAIR-vees con-tee-NOO)
; breakfast : France: petit-déjeuner (ptee-day-zheu-NAY); Switzerland/Belgium/Canada: déjeuner (day-zheu-NAY)
; lunch : France: déjeuner (day-zheu-NAY); Elsewhere: dîner (dee-NAY)
; dinner/supper : France: dîner (dee-NAY); Elsewhere: souper (soo-PAY)
; I would like _____. : Je voudrais _____. (zhuh voo-DREH _____)
; something local : un plat typique (de la région) (uhn pla tee-PEEK (duh lah RAY-zhyong))
; I would like a dish containing _____. : Je voudrais un plat avec _____. (zhuh voo-DREHZ ung plaht ah-VEK _____)
; meat : de la viande (duh lah vee-AWND)
; chicken : du poulet / de la volaille (duu poo-LEH / duh lah voh-LIE)
Note: volaille literally means "poultry", but nearly always means "chicken" on menus
; turkey : de la dinde (duh lah DAND); duck : du canard (duu can-AR)
; lamb : de l'agneau (duh LAN-yo)
; pork : du porc / du cochon (duu POHR/duu coh-SHONG).
; ham : du jambon (duu zhahng-BONG)
; beef : du bœuf (duu BUFF)
Quelle cuisson ?
A common question when ordering meat (especially, but not only, steak) is how long you want it cooked for: rare, medium, or well done? Simple enough, you might think. But if you're from an English-speaking country, then as a general rule of thumb, you'll find that if you ask for what you're used to at home, the meat will be rarer than you'd like. Therefore, it's worth getting to know these terms:- Bleu – "Blue", almost raw, meat that is cooked for less than a minute each side.
- Saignant – "Bloody", i.e. very rare, but cooked slightly longer than a bleu steak.
- À point – "Perfectly cooked", and the most popular among the French, but still rare by British or American standards.
- Bien cuit – "Well cooked", but not well done. More like medium, with pink on the inside, though there should be no blood.
- Très bien cuit – This should get you a "well done" steak that is totally cooked through. Mais, attention ! If chef is not used to catering to les Anglo-Saxons, he might just overdo it and give you a plate of leather.
; sausage : des saucisses (hot) / du saucisson (cold) (deh saw-SEESS / duu saw-see-SON)
; game: du gibier (duu ZHI-bee-ay)
Note: gibier may also mean specifically venison
; boar : du sanglier (duu sahng-GLYAY); venison : du cerf / du chevreuil / de la venaison (duu SEHR / duu shev-REUY / duh lah vu-NAY-so(n))
; rabbit: du lapin (duu lap-ANG)
; fish : du poisson (duu pwa-SONG)
; salmon : du saumon (duu saw-MONG)
; tuna : du thon (duu TONG)
; whiting : du merlan (duu mehr-LANG)
; cod : de la morue (duh lah moh-RUU)
; seabass : du loup (de mer) / du bar (duu LOO (duh MAIR) / duu BARR)
; seafood : des fruits de mer (deh frwee duh MEHR); literally: "fruits of the sea"
; dulse : de la dulse (duh lah DUULS)
; lobster : du homard (duu oh-MAR), de la langouste (duh lah lan-goost) (rock lobster)
; clams : des palourdes (deh pah-LOORD)
; oysters : des huîtres (dez WEETR)
; mussels : des moules (deh MOOL)
; scallops : des coquilles Saint-Jacques (deh kok-EE-sah(n)-ZHAK)
; frogs' legs : des cuisses de grenouille (deh gruh-NOOEY)
; cheese : du fromage (duu froh-MAHZH)
; cow's cheese : du fromage de lait de vache (duu froh-MAHZH duh lay duh vash)
; goat's / sheep's cheese : du fromage de chèvre / de brebis (duu froh-MAHZH duh SHEV-ruh / duh bruh-BEE)
; eggs : des œufs (dehz UH)
; one egg : un œuf (un UF)
; (fresh) vegetables : des légumes (frais) (deh lay-guum (FREH))
; carrots : des carottes (deh kah-ROT)
; peas : des (petits) pois (deh (PUH-tee) PWAH)
; broccoli : du brocoli (duu broh-COLEE)
; sweetcorn : du maïs (duu my-YEES)
; cabbage : du chou (duu shoo)
; spinach : des épinards (DEZ-ep-ee-NARR) ; green / French beans : des haricots verts (DEZ-ah-REE-ko VAIRR)
; white / haricot beans : des haricots blancs (DEZ-ah-REE-ko BLAWNG)
; Brussels sprouts : des choux de Bruxelles (deh shoo duh bruu-SEL)
; lentils : des lentilles (deh lon-TEE)
; potatoes : des pommes de terre (deh POM-duh-TAIR)
; French fries : des frites (day freet)
; (fresh) fruit : des fruits (frais) (deh frwee (freh))
; an apple : une pomme (uun pom)
; a pear : une poire (uun pwarr)
; a plum : une prune (uun pruun)
; a peach : une pêche (uun pesh)
; grapes : des raisins (deh RAY-zan)
; cherries : des cerises (deh suh-REEZ)
; an orange : une orange (uun oh-RAWNZH)
; a banana : une banane (uun bah-NAN)
; a mango : une mangue (uun mawngg)
; a lemon : un citron (un SEE-trong)
; a lime : un limon (un LEE-mon)
; berries : des fruits rouges (deh frwee roozh)
; strawberries : des fraises (deh frez)
; raspberries : des framboises (deh from-BWAHZ)
; blackberries : des mûres (deh muur)
; blueberries : des myrtilles (deh MIRR-tee)
; blackcurrant : des cassis (deh kah-SEES)
; a salad : une salade (uun sah-LAHD)
; cucumber : du concombre (duu cong-COMBRR)
; tomatoes : des tomates (deh toh-MAT)
; lettuce : de la laitue (duh lah LAY-tuu)
; red / yellow / green pepper : du poivron rouge / jaune / vert (duu PWAH-vrong roozh / zhoan / vairr)
; spring onions : des oignons nouveaux (DEZ-on-YONG NOO-vo)
; radish : du radis (duu RAH-dee)
; chives : de la ciboulette (duh lah SEE-boo-LET)
; mixed herbs : des herbes de Provence (dez-AIRB-duh-pro-VAWNSS)
; bread : du pain (duu pang)
; toast : des toasts (deh toast)
; (milky) coffee : du café (au lait) (duu kah-FAY (oh lay))
Note: Coffee will always be served black unless you ask for milk
; tea : du thé (duu tay); juice : du jus (duu zhuu)
; fresh / sparkling water : de l'eau plate / gazeuse (duh loh PLAT / gah-ZUHZ)
Note: If you ask for "water", you will get mineral water. To specify "tap water", say "eau du robinet" (OH duu roh-bee-NEH) or ask for a jug of water "une carafe d'eau" (uun cahr-AHF doh).
; (draught) beer : de la bière (pression) (duh lah byehr); red / white / rosé wine : du vin rouge / blanc / rosé (duu vang roozh / blahng / ro-ZAY)
; May I have some _____? : Puis-je avoir _____ ? (pweezh ah-VWAHR duu)
; salt : du sel (duu sel)
; black pepper : du poivre (duu pwavr)
; garlic : de l'ail (duh lie)
; butter : du beurre (duu bur)
; olive oil : de l'huile d'olive (duh LWEEL-doh-LEEV)
; ketchup/mayonnaise/mustard/alioli : du ketchup / de la mayonnaise / de la moutarde / de l'aïoli (duu KECH-up / duh lah MIE-oh-NEZ / duh lah MOO-tard / duh LIE-oh-lee)
; Excuse me, waiter / waitress? : S'il vous plaît, monsieur / madame ? (seell voo PLEH muh-SYUH/ma-DAHM)
Note: "garçon" (boy) is offensive and should be avoided.
; I'm finished. : J'ai terminé. (zhay TAIRH-mee-NAY); It was delicious. : C'était délicieux. (seh-tay de-li-SYUH)
; Can you please clear the plates? : Pouvez-vous débarrasser la table, s'il vous plaît ? (poovay voo DEH-bahr-a-seh lah tah-bluh seel voo play)
; The check (bill), please. : L'addition, s'il vous plaît. (lah-dee-SYOHN seel voo play)
Dietary requirements
; ...vegan : végétalien (vey-zhey-tal-YENG) (m); végétalienne (vey-zhey-tal-YEN) (f)
; ...vegetarian : végétarien (vey-zhey-tar-YENG) (m); végétarienne (vey-zhey-tar-YEN) (f)
; I do not eat eggs, milk, or cheese. : Je ne mange pas d'œufs, de lait ni de fromage. (zhuh nuh monzh pah dooh, duh lay, nee duh froh-MAHZH)
; I do not eat meat, chicken, or pork. : Je ne mange pas de viande, de poulet, ni de porc. (zhuh nuh monzh pah duh vee ahnd, duh poo-LEH, nee duh pohr)
; I do not eat _____. : Je ne mange pas_____. (zhuh nuh monzh pah)
; ...honey. : de miel. (duh mee ehl)
; ...animal products. : de produits animaux. (duh pro-dweez-ah-nee-mo)
; ...dairy. : de laitage. (duh lay tazh)
; ...wheat. : de blé. (duh blay)
; ...seafood. : de fruits de mer. (duh frwee duh MEHR)
; ...nuts. : de noix (duh nwaah)
; ...gluten : de gluten (duu gluu-TEN)
; I do eat _____. : Je mange _____. (zhuh monzh)
; ...grains. : des céréales. (deh say-ray-ahl)
; ...vegetables. : des légumes. (deh lay-guum)
; ...beans. : des fèves. (deh fehv)
; ...fruit : des fruits. (deh frwee)
; I only eat kosher / halal food. : Je ne mange que de la nourriture kasher (casher, cachère) / halal. (zhuh nuh monzh kuh duh la noo-ri-toor CASH-eh / alal)
; I am allergic to... : Je suis allergique à... (zhuh swee ah-lair-ZHEEK ah...)
Bars
; Is there table service? : Est-ce que vous servez à la table ? (ess-kuh voo ser-VAYZ ah lah TAHBL?)
; A beer/two beers, please. : Une bière/deux bières, s'il vous plaît. (uun BYEHR/deuh BYEHR, seel voo PLEH)
; A draught beer, please. : Une pression, s'il vous plaît (uun pres-SYON, seel voo PLEH)
; A glass of red/white/rosé/sparkling wine, please. :Un verre de vin rouge/blanc/rosé/pétillant, s'il vous plaît. (an ver duh van rooj / blan / ro-ZAY / PET-ee-YAUN, seel voo PLEH)
; A quarter litre of beer, please : Un demi, s'il-vous-plaît. (an deh-mee, seel voo PLEH)
; A pint, please. : Une pinte, s'il vous plait. (uun pannt, seel-voo-PLEH)
; A bottle, please. : Une bouteille, s'il vous plait. (uun boo-tay, seel voo PLEH)
; _____ (spirit) and _____ (mixer), please. :_____ et _____, s'il vous plait. (____ eh ____, seel voo PLEH)
; whisky : whisky (wee-skee)
; vodka : vodka (vohd-kuh)
; rum : rhum (room)
; cider : cidre (seedr)
; water : de l'eau (duh loh)
; club soda : soda (so-dah)
; tonic water : Schweppes (shwep)
; orange juice : jus d'orange (joo d'or-AHNJ)
; Coke (soda) : Coca (koh-KAH)
; One more, please. : Un/une autre, s'il vous plait. (uhn / uun OH-truh, seel-voo-PLEH)
; Another round, please. : Un autre pour la table, s'il vous plait. (ahn OH-truh poor la tah-bluh, seel voo PLEH)
; When is closing time? : À quelle heure fermez-vous ? (ah kell EUR fer-MAY voo)
Shopping
; How much (is this)? : Combien (ça) coûte ? (COMM-bee-yen (SAH) coot)
; That's too expensive. : C'est trop cher. (say-TRO-shair)
; Would you take _____? : Pourriez-vous accepter _____ ? (poor-yay-VOOZ ahk-sep-TAY)
; expensive : cher (shehr)
; cheap :bon marché (bong mar-SHAY) (Note: this doesn't change with the gender or number of the noun. Elles sont bon marché is correct.)
; I can't afford it. : Je n'ai pas les moyens. (zhe nay pah leh mwah-YAHNG)
; I don't want it. : Je n'en veux pas. (zhe nahng veu pah)
; You're cheating me. : Vous essayez de m'arnaquer. (vooz ess-ey-YE duh mahr-na-KAY)
; I'm not interested. : Je ne suis pas intéressé. (zhen swee pahz-ann-tay-ress-SAY)
; OK, I'll take it. : D'accord, je le/la prends. (dah-kor zhe luh/lah prahn)
; Can I have a bag? : Pourrais-je avoir un sac ? (poo-REHZH ah-VWAR ung sahk)
; Do you ship (overseas)? : Livrez-vous (outre-mer/à l'étranger) ? (leev-ray-VOO ootr-MEHR/ah lay-trahn-ZHAY)
; I need... : J'ai besoin... (zhay buh-ZWAHN)
; ...toothpaste. : ...de dentifrice. (duh dahn-tee-FREESS)
; ...a toothbrush. : ...d'une brosse à dents. (duun bross ah DAHN)
; ...tampons. : ...de tampons. (duh tahm-POHN)
; ...soap. : ...de savon. (duh sah-VOHN)
; ...shampoo. : ...de shampooing. (duh shahm-PWAHN)
; ...pain reliever. (e.g., aspirin or ibuprofen) : ...d'un analgésique (aspirine, ibuprofène);. (dun ah-nal-zhay-ZEEK (ahs-pee-REEN/ee-buu-proh-FEN))
; ...cold medicine. :...d'un médicament pour le rhume. (dun may-dee-kah-MAHNG poor luh RUUM)
; ...stomach medicine. :...d'un remède pour l'estomac. (dun ray-MED poor less-toh-MAHK)
; ...an antihistamine :...d'un antihistaminique (dun on-tee-STAM-eek)
; ...a razor. :...d'un rasoir. (dun rah-ZWAR)
; ...batteries. : ...de piles. (duh PEEL)
; ...a SIM card. : ...d'une carte SIM (duun cahrrt seem)
; ...an umbrella. (rain) : ...d'un parapluie. (duun pah-ra-ploo-ee)
; ...an umbrella. (sun) : ...d'une ombrelle. (duun ohm-brehl)
; ...sunblock lotion. : ...de crème solaire. (duh crehm so-LEHR)
; ...a postcard. : ...d'une carte postale. (duun kahrt post-AL)
; ...postage stamps. : ...de timbres. (duh TAHM-burs)
; ...writing paper. : ...de papier à lettres. (duh pap-YEH ah LEH-TR)
; ...a pen. :...d'un stylo. (dun STEE-loh)
; ...English-language books. : ...de livres en anglais. (duh LEE-vruh-zahn ahngh-LEH)
; ...English-language magazines. : ...de revues en anglais. (duh REH-voo-zahn ahngh-LEH)
; ...an English-language newspaper. : ...d'un journal en anglais. (dun zhoar-NAL ahn ahng-LEH)
; ...a French-English dictionary. :...d'un dictionnaire français-anglais. (dun deect-see-ohn-AIR frahn-SEH ahng-LEH)
Authority
; I haven't done anything wrong. : Je n'ai fait rien de mal. (zhuh nay fay ree-AHN duh MAL); It was a misunderstanding. : C'est une erreur. (set uhn air-UR)
; Where are you taking me? : Où m'emmenez-vous ? (ooh mehm-en-EH voo)
; Am I under arrest? : Suis-je en état d'arrestation ? (SWEEZH ahn EH-tah dahr-es-ta-SYONG)
; I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. (m) : Je suis un citoyen américain/australien/britannique/canadien. (zhuh sweez uhn see-twa-YEN a-may-ree-CAN/os-trah-LYEN/bree-tah-NEEK/ka-na-DYEN)
; I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. (f) : Je suis une citoyenne américaine/australienne/britannique/canadienne. (zhuh sweez uhn see-twa-YEN a-may-ree-CAN/os-trah-LYEN/bree-tah-NEEK/ka-na-DYEN)
; I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy or consulate. : Je veux parler à l'ambassade ou au consulat américain/australien/britannique/canadien. (ZHUH vuh pahr-LAY ah lahm-ba-SAHD oo oh kon-soo-LAHT a-may-ree-CAN/os-trah-lee-AHN/ahn-GLEH/ka-na-DYAN)
; I want to talk to a lawyer. : Je voudrais parler à un avocat. (ZHUH vood-RAY par-lehr ah uhn AH-vo-cah)
; Can I just pay a fine now? : Pourrais-je simplement payer une amende ? (poo-RAYZH sampl-MANG pay-AY yn ah-MAHND)
; Will you accept this in place of my fine? : Acceptez-vous ceci au lieu de mon amende ? (accept-eh voo suh-see oh LOO duh mon ah-MAND)
Note: Only consider attempting this in third world countries. Do not try to do this in European Francophone countries or in Canada as it will get you in worse trouble!