Halifax (England)

History

Halifax Parish Church, parts of which go back to the 12th century, has always been dedicated to St John the Baptist. The church's first organist, in 1765, was William Herschel, who went on to discover the planet Uranus.The coat of arms of Halifax include the chequers from the original coat of arms of the Earls Warenne, who held the town during Norman times. Halifax was also notorious for the 'Halifax Gibbet', an early form of the guillotine used to execute criminals by decapitation, it was last used in 1650. A replica of the gibbet has been erected on the original site in Gibbet Street. The original gibbet blade is on display at Bankfield Museum, Halifax. Punishment in Halifax was notoriously harsh, as remembered in the Beggar's Litany by John Taylor (1580–1654), a prayer whose text included "From Hull, from Halifax, from Hell, ‘tis thus, From all these three, Good Lord deliver us.". Daniel Defoe was also a one time famous resident of Halifax.

Economy

As well as the significance of the Halifax Building Society (which merged with the Bank of Scotland in 2001), the town has associations with confectionery. John Mackintosh and his wife, Violet, opened a toffee shop in King Cross Lane in 1890. Violet formulated the toffee's recipe. John became known as The Toffee King. A factory was opened on Queens Road in 1898. A new factory at Albion Mill, at the current site near the railway station, opened in 1909. John died in 1920, and his son Harold not only continued the business but took it to the present size and range of confectionery it has today. Their famous brands, including Rolo, Toffee Crisp and Quality Street of chocolate and confectionery are not just popular in the UK, but around the world including the USA. It was merged with Rowntree in 1969, which was then bought by Nestlé in 1988.
Halifax was a busy heavy industrial town dealing in and producing wool, carpets, machine tools, and beer. The Crossley family began carpet manufacture in modest premises at Dean Clough, on the banks of the Hebble Brook. The family was philanthropic and Joseph and Sir Francis Crossley built and endowed Almshouses for their workers, which exist to this day and are run by volunteer trustees.

Halifax is in the south-eastern corner of the moorland region called the South Pennines. Halifax is about 4 miles (6.4 km) from the M62 motorway close to Bradford, Huddersfield and Rochdale.

By plane

• Leeds/Bradford International Airport (LBA). This is the nearest airport, by road. It can be reached by taking a train to Leeds and then a bus to the airport departing from the train station. The number of flights from Leeds Bradford airport continues to increase.
• Manchester Airport (MAN). This airport is the easiest and quickest to access. It is the UK's busiest airport, outside London, with many European and inter-continental flights. There is a rail station within the airport complex, with services running through Huddersfield to Newcastle, at least half-hourly throughout the day (see by train below).

By train

Halifax railway station is on the Caldervale Line, with links to Manchester Victoria, York via Bradford and Leeds, Blackpool North and via Brighouse to Huddersfield and Wakefield Westgate. All services are operated by Northern Rail.

By car

Halifax is well served by the M62. Junction 24 is the best and fastest way to reach Halifax from the M62

First Calderdale & Huddersfield operate most bus services in Halifax, while Arriva operate services that link Halifax with Dewsbury and Wakefield. Halifax is well connected to Huddersfield and the nearby cities of Bradford and Leeds with the First services 503, 508 and 576, serving these destinations every 10–20 minutes during Monday to Saturday daytimes. First also run services into other counties, including 528 to Rochdale via Ripponden and Littleborough, 590 to Rochdale via Todmorden and Littleborough and 592 to Burnley via Todmorden. Other bus operators in the town include T.J. Walsh (also known as the Halifax Bus Company) and Halifax Joint Committee which use the livery of the old Halifax Corporation buses, used on the town's buses until 1974.

• Halifax Minster

  address: Causway
  Medieval parish church dedicated to St. John the Baptist, founded in 1438.

• Halifax Piece Hall

  address: Blackledge Road
  Traditional wool-trading centre of Halifax, dating from 1779, now housing several score shops. Reopened in late 2017 after redevelopment.

• Halifax Town Hall

• Wainhouse Tower

  address: Wakefield Gate

• Halifax Gibbet

  address: Gibbet Street

• Eureka! The National Children's Museum

  address: Discovery Rd
  An interactive children's museum promoting learning through play.

• Warley Museum

  address: Stock Lane, Warley
  This museum is housed in an old telephone box and is possibly the smallest museum in the world. Only one person can visit at a time!

• Halifax Traditions Festival, Town Centre. Annual, last weekend of September.

• Halifax Agricultural ShowShow in an area with a log history of sheep rearing, featuring animals, vintage vehicles, horiculture and trade stands.

Sports

The town is famous for Rugby League at the amateur level with such clubs as Siddal, Halifax Irish, Greetland All Rounders, King Cross Park, Illingworth, Ovenden. Amateur clubs play on Saturday afternoons between September and April. Illingworth ARLFC play their home matches at Mason Green Sports Ground situated on Keighley Road.
Halifax RLFC is the professional club who play at the Shay and are one of the original clubs who broke away from Rugby Union to found the Northern Union 1895. The club has been one of the most successful teams, but play in the second-tier Championship as of 2019. Halifax RLFC play usually on Sundays from March until September.

• The HiFi Centre

  address: Westgate Arcade Shopping Centre, 11 Westgate, Halifax, West Yorkshire, HX1 1DJ
  The Hifi Centre is the local Bose dealer, and offers many other 'High-End' audio brand names. It has been a quality hi-fi outlet since it began as Trevor Fawthrop's "Tape Recorder Centre".

• Woolshops Shopping Centre

  address: 30 Woolshops
  An open air shopping centre in the heart of Halifax town centre with over forty shops ranging from M&S, Boots to Costa Coffee, Accessorise & Mountain Warehouse. The centre has a car park and is within 500 m of both the town's bus & rail stations.

• Shoes International

  phone: +44 1422 364347
  address: 24 Westgate
  Small friendly family run shoe shop which began in Halifax in 1976.

• Las Cuevas

  phone: +44 1422 330776
  address: 30 Lister Lane
  Spanish.

• The Ivy House

  phone: +44 1422 244696
  address: 318 Shay Lane

Halifax town centre has a huge selection of bars, traditional pubs and late night venues, many of which are situated literally within yards of each other.

• Three Pigeons

  address: South Parade
  Traditional pub with award-winning art deco interior. Serves real ales.

• The Barum Top Inn

  address: 17 Rawson Street
  Wetherspoon's pub (also on Broad Street).

• Imperial Crown Hotel

  phone: +44 1422 342342
  address: 42-46 Horton St
  41-room hotel.

• Holdsworth House

  phone: +44 1422 240024
  address: Holdsworth Hall, Holdsworth Rd, Holdsworth

• Wool Merchant Hotel

  phone: +44 1422 368783
  address: 5 Mulcture Hall Rd, HX1 1SP
  Good hotel in a quiet commercial area of town near the minster. Reasonable buffet breakfasts and Italian themed restaurant (not Fri, Sun) with two courses about £15 and pizzas about £17.

• Huddersfield
• Bradford
• Leeds is about 40 minutes away by train