Miramichi

Miramichi is a sprawling municipality formed by the merger of the towns of Newcastle and Chatham with three villages. The two town centres are across and down the river from each other, about 13 km (15 minutes by car) apart.
Miramichi bills itself as "Canada's Irish Capital", and is home to an annual Irish festival. It is one of the most Irish cities in Canada.
The Miramichi area’s economy is primarily focused on mining, fishing and forestry. Other sectors include: tourism, customer contact centres, manufacturing, and the provincial and federal government. The service sector is the city's largest employer.

History

Long prior to European settlement, the Miramichi region was home to members of the Mi'kmaq First Nation. Following the European discovery of the Americas, the Miramichi became part of the French colony of Acadia. By about 1740 French villages were well established on Miramichi Bay at Bay du Vin and Neguac.
The French and Indian War erupted in 1754. During the war many Acadian homes were destroyed by the British, and their residents were deported. Some Acadians, however, remained and escaped British attempts at deportation. They eventually established (or re-established) a host of small Acadian communities along the northern and eastern coasts of present-day New Brunswick.
The remaining Miramichi settlement was burned to the ground by the British in 1760. The French North American colonies were ceded to the British in the 1763 Treaty of Paris. Scottish settlers obtained a large grant encompassing much of the Miramichi region in 1765. Following the American Revolution some Loyalist families moved to Miramichi, and competition for the best lands escalated tensions between the early Scottish and new Loyalist settlers.
The Irish began arriving in Miramichi in numbers after 1815 at the end of the Napoleonic War, and with a few exceptions ceased coming to the area before the great Irish famine of 1847. Most arrived form the ports of Belfast and Cork each of which had strong commercial ties with Miramichi. Like the Scots they came on timber ships. By the 1870s the Irish were well established in Miramichi and by this decade less than 20% of them were recent immigrants. They represented 40% of the population of the region, spread fairly evenly over the entire Miramichi watershed.
The thin, acid soils of the Miramichi were not conducive to agriculture; thus, the lumber industry and Atlantic salmon fishery were the mainstays. A shipbuilding industry was established in 1773, largely to facilitate overseas lumber exports, including masts for the British navy, and to provide winter employment for the men.
As the shipbuilding, masting and lumber industries waned, pulp and paper production eventually replaced lumber exports as the mainstay of the area's economy. In the mid 20th century, an air force base, CFB Chatham, became the cornerstone of Chatham's economy. The discovery of base metal deposits and the development of Heath Steele Mines, 60 km to the northwest, allowed Newcastle's economy to diversify and strengthen through the 1960s. The mine and air force base had both closed by 1999 as the mine's ore body was depleted. The forest industry is the dominant player in the city's economy today.

By car

Miramichi is 140-150 km northwest of Moncton via Highways 11 or 126, 80 km south of Bathurst on Highway 8, and 172 km north of Fredericton on Highway 8.

By bus

• Maritimebus

  address: Circle K/Irving Gas Station, 186 King Street, Chatham
  One bus daily leaving Moncton at 1:55PM (2 hr 5 min, $34), and one bus daily leaving Bathurst at 8:40AM (55 min, $20).

By train

• Via Rail

  address: 251 Station St, Newcastle
  The Ocean train stops at Miramichi Station en route between Montreal and Halifax three times a week.

By plane

• Miramichi AirportCanadian North and Flair Airlines from Fort McMurray

The nearest major airport is at Moncton.

• Miramichi Transit

  phone: +1 506 623-2370
  From Newcastle to Douglastown and Chatham. Buses run hourly M-F 7AM-6PM, Sa 9AM-4PM. Three routes: Newcastle to Northumberland Square Mall, Chatham to Northumberland Square Mall, and Newcastle to Chatham via Chatham Head.

• Middle IslandThis small island in the Miramichi is where Irish immigrants were quarantined when they got sick crossing the Atlantic to escape the potato famine in the late 1840s.

• MacDonald FarmA National Historic Site. This is on the north side of the river, about 11 km (7 miles) downstream from the Centennial Bridge. Made of stone from Scotland, this farmhouse was built by Colonel Alexander MacDonald, a veteran of the American Revolutionary War. Guides in period costumes explain the various exhibits. Transportation to the home, which lies in the banks of the Miramichi River, close to where the Bartibogue River joins it, is by horse drawn wagon. just off the shore is Bartibogue Island.

• The Enclosure

  address: Route 8, Derby
  Where the Northwest Miramichi joins the Southwest Miramichi, makes for an interesting stop. This small Provincial Park contains the graves of the earliest Scottish and English settlers on the Miramichi, including the resting place of William Davidson, the first permanent European settler.

• St. Michael's Basilica

  address: 10 Howard St., Chatham
  In the former Chatham neighbourhood, this is the most dramatic building in the Miramichi Valley. This imposing neo-Gothic structure is built on a hill and dominates the former town of Chatham. Until Newfoundland joined Confederation in 1949, it was the largest church in Canada, east of Quebec City.

• French Forte CoveA nice playground and walking trail with a boat launch!

• Beaverbrook House

  phone: +1 506-622-5572
  address: 518 King George Hwy, Newcastle
  The childhood home of Lord Beaverbrook is a beautifully restored 1877 Second Empire style house.

• Miramichi River Tubing Co.

  address: 41 Kersey Lane, Rte 118 HWy Doyles Brook
  A river tubing company located on Route 118 Hwy. It offers 1½-2½ hour and 3-4 hour tubing trips on the Main Southwest Miramichi River. The trip is a mix of lazy river and, at times, rapids rush.

• Twin Pine Lodge

  address: 48 Kersey Lane, Rte 118 Hwy, Doyles Brook, NB
  Hunting and Miramichi salmon fishing at an outfitters lodge.

• Miramichi River Boat Tours

  address: Ritchie Wharf
  Discover the river's fascinating history with a colourful Acadian Captain and 90-minute interpretive tours. Licensed bar. Bilingual.

Miramichi offers two downtown districts, a number of malls including Northumberland Square, Bridgeview Plaza, Chatham Shopping Centre, Douglastown Plaza, Miramichi Mall, and box stores along Douglastown Boulevard.

• Historic Chatham Business District focused on the Water Street area.
• Newcastle Business District — visit the Farmers Market every Friday.

• Northumberland Square

  address: 2441 King George Hwy
  Giant Tiger and Winners discount stores.

• Portage Restaurant

  phone: +1 506-773-6447
  address: 191 King St, Highway 11, Chatham
  Beef and turkey roasted in house, steaks, grilled or deep fried seafood.

• Cunard Restaurant

  phone: +1 506-773-7107
  address: 32 Cunard St, Chatham
  Chinese and Canadian cuisine. Buffet F 11:30AM-1:30PM ($13), Su 4-7PM ($15). Lunch specials M–Th 11AM–2PM $9.

• 1809 Restaurant & Bar

  phone: +1 506-773-5651
  address: 1809 Water St, Chatham
  Great view of the river. Seafood, steaks, etc.

• O'Donaghue's Irish Pub

  phone: +1 506-773-7004
  address: 1696 Water St, Chatham

• The Rail House

  phone: +1 506-773-0996
  address: 4 Johnson Ave, Chatham
  Nightclub in an old train station.

• Days Inn

  phone: +1 506-622-1215
  address: 457 King George Highway and 201 Edward St., Newcastle
  Pets welcome

• Rodd Miramichi River

  address: 515 Water St.
  Pool, restaurant, free Wi-Fi, fitness centre, accessible rooms.

• Governor's Mansion Inn

  phone: +1 506 622-3036
  address: 62 St Patricks Dr,
  The mansion was built over 150 years ago for a timber baron family, and served as the official residence of New Brunswick's Lieutenant-Governor. Restaurant, lounge, gardens.