Polonnaruwa

The second most ancient of Sri Lanka's kingdoms, Polonnaruwa was first declared the capital city by King Vijayabahu I in the 11th century AD and maintained its status until the 13th century. In 1982 the ancient city of Polonnaruwa was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. What's nice about Polonnaruwa is that the ruins are in one compact area so you can visit them quite easily. Just one three wheeler ride from where you're staying to the entrance and you can walk about them all day long. If you don't have a lot of time and have to make a choice, the ruins at Polonnaruwa are much better presented and more interesting than the often repetitious ruins of Anuradhapura. There are only so many Stupa's you can see before you have "seen them all".

Polonnaruwa is 216 km or 134 miles from Colombo and 66 km east of Dambulla. To travel there, you've got several options. They are, in order of preference, car, train and bus.

By plane

Hingurakgoda AirportThe nearest airport. The only flights available is by FitsAir from Colombo-Ratmalana,

Sigiriya AirportMore choices:

• FitsAir from Colombo-Ratmalana (RML),
• Millennium Airlines from Colombo-Ratmalana,
• Cinnamon Air from Colombo-Bandaranaike, Batticaloa, Trincomalee

By car

Car is the easiest. Any taxi service (+94 11 2556 556 or +94 11 2818 818 are two numbers of cab companies you can call) will charge you around LKR 30 per km (approx LKR 13,000 roundtrip) (as of mid 2007). Make sure you ask for a Nissan Sunny or Toyota Corolla or you might be sent a crappy car. The advantage is that you will sit in air conditioned luxury all the way to Polonnaruwa and the road is quite nice with plenty of greenery along the way. The old, massive trees tend to shade into the road once you leave the urban areas, creating a canopy effect. Trip is five to six hours inclusive of breaks for food, fruit and shopping (although shopping along the way is just overpriced and not recommended).

By train

Train is next, though frankly, bus is kind of tied with it. It's quite cheap: you'll that find the three wheeler ride to the train station costs about as much. You get on the train to Trincomalee at Colombo Fort station, connect in Gal Oya and you're in Polonnaruwa. The trip'll take you a good part of a day and the train leaves the station at 6.15am so plan accordingly. It is not however an air conditioned experience but it is a train with all the scenery and Theroux-like hijinks that implies.
No train run to/from Anuradhapura.

By bus

From Colombo - Buses also leave from Colombo Fort but from a slightly different location. Take the intercity to Polonnaruwa. With luck and blessings from whatever deity you subscribe to, you should arrive in Polonnaruwa in six to eight hours.
From Anuradhapura - Direct bus from the Anuradhapura bus station in New Town runs throughout the day and the distance from Anuradhapura to Polonnaruwa is some 100 km and the bus trip will take three hours.
From Kandy - The 150 km bus trip takes 4,5 hours. Makes a stop in Dambulla (a bit less than 2 hours from Dambulla to Polonnaruwa).
The Polonnaruwa Bus Station is situated 4 km to the east of the main attractions, so if your hotel is around there ask to be dropped somewhere closer (Clock Tower for example).

Polonnaruwa Bus Stand

Bicycles are the best way to get around. Most guest houses will rent out bikes, but be sure of the condition when you pick it up. Check if the tyres are properly inflated etc. All the sights in the old town are located next to each other so you can cover all of them easily using a bicycle in one day. Most accommodations can also provide you with a bicycle, which is a convenient way to get around the Ancient City.

Just north of present-day Polonnaruwa town, 140km (90 miles) north of Kandy, are the ruins of ancient Polonnaruwa, which date from the late 10th century, when the Chola kings of southern India invaded Sri Lanka and conquered Anuradhapura.

• King Parakramabahu I StatueA massive rock-cut statue of a Buddhist king, Parakrama Bahu.

• Potgul VeheraRuins of a monastery built by King Parakramabahu the great (1153-1186 A.D.). It's original name is unknown. According to a stone inscription found at the site, it has been renovated by a consort of King Parakramabahu. The peculiar feature of the monastery is the circular brick structure located in the lower terrace.

• The Royal Palace

• Royal Court

• Kumara Pokuna

• King Nissanka Malla's Palace

• Thuparamaya

• Shiva Dewalaya Temple

• Vatadage

• Atadage

• Gal Pota

• Nissanka Latha Mandapaya

• Rankoth Vehera

• Lankatilaka Gedige

• Kiri Vihara

• Gal Vihara or Gal Viharaya (Temple)

  address: Nissankamallapura

• Demala Mahaseya (Stupa)

• Lotus Pound

• Thivanka Image House

• Alahana Pirivena Complex - Buddhist temples
• Topa Wewa Lake and the Parakrama Samudra (the Sea of Parakrama)

The 1-day entrance fee is 25 USD (March 2018). Unfortunately, the round trip tickets for the cultural triangle (50 USD) are no longer available. South Asian nationals receive substantial discounts of USD 15 on entrance fees, Therefore, if you have a South Asian passport, make sure to carry it with you on your visits.

In this area, you can find plenty of wildlife reserves. Try to find a reliable person and visit the places like Minneriya National Park, Kawudulla

Avoid eating from places where they sell the food in open markets. Do not go to places that need to have touts on the streets out and where you cannot see inside the restaurant from the street.

• GamaLocal joint offering a tasty veg curry buffet for 350 rupees.

There are plenty of budget hotels and guest houses to stay at in the new town. Prices start at Rs 1,500 to 2,000 per person for a night.

Mid-range

• The Village Polonnaruwa

  phone: +94 27 459 9299
  address: Parakrama Lake Road, Potugal Mawatha

• Lagassa Lodge

  phone: +94 773 579248 (mobile), +94 764 155855 (mobile), +94 770 117432 (mobile)
  address: #95 Circular Rd.
  Good deal for your money, as the rooms are newly built as of 2017 and are very clean, bathroom is huge, owner is nice and the food is excellent as well.

• Hotel Seruwa

  phone: +94 27 2222 2411
  Also run by CHC but cheaper and the location is pretty nice as well. Rooms are relatively new but check the room before you check into it.

• Polonnaruwa Resthouse

  phone: +94 27 222 2299
  - Run by the Ceylon Hotels Corporation. It's a really nice location on the Parakrama Samudra. Queen Elizabeth II stayed here. Rooms are relatively new but check the room before you check into it .

• The Royal Lotus Hotel

  phone: +94 272246316
  address: Giritale
  Modern living conditions in a tropical setting and nestled alongside the Giritale Tank.

• Thidas Arana LakeAt the end of a peninsula about 4 km from the ruins (an easy cycle), this new Thidas Arana branch has sweeping views over the lake, where elephants often roam. Also good staff and restaurant.

Don't even think of sleeping on the grass land in this area. There is a high risk that you will get a bite from a venomous snake or insect.

• Dambulla located 67 km west of Polonnaruwa
• Batticaloa located on east cost of Sri Lanka
• Knuckles Mountain Range